Hadasim / Myrtles: the branches that bind
See my other essays on the remaining plants of the Arba Minim (4 Species):
Lulav: https://rabbischeinberg.blogspot.com/2017/10/the-lulav-growth-frozen-in-time.html
Etrog: https://rabbischeinberg.blogspot.com/2014/10/the-fruit-that-remembers-what-botanists.html
Willows: https://rabbischeinberg.blogspot.com/2017/10/keeping-willows-alive.html
Lulav: https://rabbischeinberg.blogspot.com/2017/10/the-lulav-growth-frozen-in-time.html
Etrog: https://rabbischeinberg.blogspot.com/2014/10/the-fruit-that-remembers-what-botanists.html
Willows: https://rabbischeinberg.blogspot.com/2017/10/keeping-willows-alive.html
Among the Four Species used
on Sukkot, the myrtle branches (Hadasim) seemed to me to be the most
innocuously pleasant. The Etrog is fragile; the Lulav is dangerous with
its sharp leaves; the willows quickly dry out. The myrtle branches are, in my experience,most
likely to survive Sukkot intact without harming itself or others. And the
myrtle leaves have a fresh, vaguely Mediterranean scent - best unleashed by crumpling up the leaves,
or by scratching the myrtle branch itself.
In fact, unlike all the other parts of the Four Species, it is not
particularly difficult to keep the myrtles fresh and fragrant for weeks and
even months after Sukkot is over - just put them in a little bit of water.
The myrtle tree gives its
name to Hadasah, the hero of the Purim story (better known by her Persian name,
Esther). That Jewish tradition describes a queen named after the myrtle
should not be surprising; pliable twigs of the myrtle, together with the fresh
scent of the leaves, make it especially appropriate for weaving into wreaths
and victory crowns. Maybe for a similar reason, the Talmud (https://www.sefaria.org/Shabbat.33b.8?lang=bi&with=all&lang2=en) includes a small cameo role for myrtle
branches, at the conclusion of the story of Shimon bar Yochai and his son, who
spent several years studying torah in a cave to escape persecution by the
Romans. When they emerge from the cave after twelve years, they are clearly
unprepared to return to the regular world after such a period of ethereal
seclusion. They return to the cave for one more year. When they exit
again, they see a person who is racing home, holding two myrtle branches. When they inquire about why he has these
branches, he informs them that they are special for Shabbat, and he has two of
them to correspond to the two versions of the Shabbat commandment in the Ten
Commandments. Shimon bar Yochai and his
son are cheered to see that the people of Israel are taking such pleasure in
observance of the commandments (maybe they had feared the worst during their
seclusion), and they consent to leave the cave permanently. Maybe the
myrtle branches reminded them of the simple sweetness that exists in the world
- and maybe the branches help to bind them to the rest of the community.
A cryptic verse in the
Hallel Psalms (https://www.sefaria.org/Psalms.118.27?lang=bi&with=all&lang2=en) may also make reference to the pliability
of the myrtle branches. In what appears to be a “stage direction” in the
midst of words of praise, we are told Isru chag ba-avotim ad karnot ha-mizbeach
- - “Bind the festal offering to the altar with cords.” The word
translated as “cords” here, “avotim,” is the same word used to describe the
myrtle branches in the
book of Leviticus.
This could refer to the myrtle branches being used as a kind of strong
twine in the time of the Temple.
Looking at the myrtle
branches, smelling their scent, and thinking about how they have been used
historically for tying and binding, I ask myself: how do I feel bound to the
most ancient parts of my tradition? How do I plan to keep the sweet scent
of the myrtles alive well into the coming year?
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